Washington on the Western Front:
At Home and Over There

Sergeant Lawrence Erwin Allen died of influenza on October 20, 1918, near Bordeaux, France, while attending an Officers’ Training Field Artillery School. A member of the Quartermaster Corps, Lawrence was buried at Suresnes American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_allen)

Lawrence attended the University of Washington for two years studying mechanical engineering. While at the UW he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity and captain of the freshman crew under legendary coach Conibear. At the time he registered for the draft he was working for the Jewell Tea Company and living in Pendleton, Oregon.

A native of Waitsburg, Lawrence was one of four children born to Herbert Wilmot Allen, a physician, and his wife, Lena Erwin. He was married to fellow UW student Lulu Jane Wright on July 18, 1916, in Missoula, Montana. A brass vase is dedicated to his memory at the Episcopal Church of the Holy Spirit where Lawrence and Lulu were married. Lulu died just six years later at the age of 29.

It is perhaps fitting that the University of Washington's fifty-eighth and final Gold Star honors its only female casualty, Jeanette Virginia Barrows. Jeanette died of pneumonia on March 15, 1919, at Fort Snelling in Minnesota. Unlike so many other of the UW’s other Gold Stars, Jeanette’s death was not related to influenza.

The older of two daughters born to William A. Barrows and his wife, Ella Tanger, Jeanette was born and raised in Chinook, Washington. Her father was a political cartoonist for the Chinook Observer and her mother was the town's longtime postmaster. From her father she inherited a talent for sketching and cartooning. Jeanette entered the UW in 1916, following two years of study at Bellingham State Normal School (now Western Washington University), graduating with a degree in education in 1918. While at the UW, Jeanette was a member of Alpha Delta Pi Sorority and a scholarship is awarded in her honor annually.

After graduating, Jeanette spent the following summer at Reed College training for work as a Reconstruction Aide. Reed College was the only west coast site for Reconstruction Aides which had two courses of study: physiotherapy and occupational therapy. Physiotherapy was aimed at helping wounded soldiers regain the use of lost or impaired functions through remedial exercise and massage. Occupational therapy was designed to aid returned soldiers in their recovery through vocational training. (bit.ly/reed_barrows)

Following completion of her training, Jeanette was sworn into service to the United States on October 24, 1918 and was sent directly to New York. While in New York waiting overseas orders Armistice was signed. A month later she was ordered to US Army General Hospital No. 29 at Fort Snelling to assist in the care of the wounded returned from France. Jeanette died after an illness of only four days and was buried at Ilwaco Cemetery with full military honors. (bit.ly/uw_barrows)

After eight months of training in Dover, England, Sergeant Leo Francis Bennett sailed for home without ever having been called into action. His unit was one of the first AEF forces to be sent home after Armistice was declared. Leo, along with fellow members of the 834th Aviation Squadron, arrived in New York on December 11, 1918, aboard the Empress of Britain. He died just six days later of influenza, after an illness of fifteen hours, at Camp Mills, in Garden City, New York, on December 17, 1918.

Leo enlisted in the Air Service at Vancouver Barracks on December 17, 1917. At the time he registered for the draft in August of 1917, he was working as a machinist at a fish cannery in Kenai, Alaska. Born in Andover, South Dakota, Leo and his family moved to Tualco, Washington, near Monroe, in 1902. He graduated from Monroe High School in 1914, and attended the University of Washington for two years. While at the UW, Leo pledged Phi Kappa Fraternity and was active in the Stevens Debating Club.

Leo was one of seven children born to Telman Nestor Bennett and his wife, Lucy Halpin. His brother, Corporal Harry Telman Bennett, was with him at Camp Mills when he died and brought him home where he was buried at the IOOF Cemetery in Monroe. (bit.ly/uw_bennett)

"Run for your life; I'm done for!" were the last words of Lieutenant Cherrill Roach Betterton during the American offensive of September 29, 1918, when the Wild West Division advanced to the village of Gesnes. (Seattle Star, 31 May 1919, pg. 10) During that attack – while traveling with Corporal John Cudd – Cherrill was in an advanced and exposed position when a blast came from a German machine gun. A member of the Intelligence Section responsible for scouting, patrolling, observing and sniping, Cherrill was cited for his bravery by General John J. Pershing for his efforts to get enemy information back to his commanding officers. Last seen when struck by the machine gun's bullets, Cherrill was declared missing and it would be over eight months before his fate was confirmed. A member of the 361st Infantry with the 91st Division, Cherrill's remains were eventually recovered and he is buried at Meuse-Argonne Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_betterton)

The oldest of Charles Leland Betterton and his wife Ellen Maude Cahill's five children, Cherrill was born in Oak Cliff, Texas. The family moved from Texas to Colorado to British Columbia before making their way to Seattle. A graduate of Victoria High School in British Columbia, Cherrill attended the University of Washington for two years (1912-14) before transferring to Stanford University. He was a junior when he enlisted and a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. Cherrill was married to Ida May MacDonald on December 18, 1916, in Vancouver. Their romance began as a result of a train accident near Merritt, BC, they were both involved in. (Seattle Seattle Times, 24 Dec 1916, pg. 2)

"Gone west" was an expression among WWI aviators indicating a pilot had been killed. Lieutenant Alford John Bradford went west on July 25, 1918, when his plane was shot down in flames while flying in combat on the Western Front. It would be another four months before his wife, Emily Madeline Cheadle, and parents would learn he had been killed, during which time his wife had given birth to their son, John Cheadle Bradford. One of the best aerial observers of his unit, Alford was awarded the French Croix de Guerre posthumously for his service. Created in 1915, the decoration was bestowed on foreign military forces allied to France.

The youngest of four children born to Martin Bradford and Fanny Crooker, Alford was born in Jackson, Michigan. He graduated from Seattle’s Lincoln High and earned a degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Washington in 1915. He was employed at the US Land Office in Juneau, Alaska, surveying the Susitna River, at the time of his enlistment. He married nurse Madeline Cheadle in 1917. At the time of their marriage Alford was an instructor at the Officer Training Camps at Vancouver Barracks. Alford went to France with the Field Artillery before transferring to the American Aviation service. Originally buried in France, Alford was reinterred at Arlington National Cemetery in 1922. (bit.ly/uw_bradford) American Legion Post No. 4 in Juneau is named in honor of Alford John Bradford.

Having seen more than a year of service with the Tenth Engineers (Forestry) Lieutenant Donald Rich Broxon lost his life in a train wreck on December 5, 1918, while en route for home. The accident occurred near Meung-sur-Loire – located between Paris and Tours – when a freight train on a side track backed onto the main track into an oncoming passenger train killing 20 American officers as well as French officers and civilians. He had received news of his commission shortly time before the accident.

Born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Donald moved to Idaho as a young child. He was oldest of Charles Oliver Broxon and Malinda "Linnie" Delight Rich’s four children. A graduate of Hollywood High School in Hollywood, California, Donald entered the University of Washington in 1914 after two years of study at the University of Southern California. He graduated from UW with a MA in forestry in 1916. He was a member of Pi Tau Upsilon Fraternity. Donald served as the first president of the Idaho Club and was active in class football. Donald enlisted immediately upon the outbreak of the war.

The same day his family received a letter from Donald with a picture enclosed of him in his new uniform with his lieutenant stripes came the telegram from the war department bringing the news of his death. "His bright, cheery letter, full of enthusiasm… coming, as it did, almost simultaneously with the telegram bearing the awful news has made it doubly hard to bear." (Idaho Statesman, Jan 4, 1919, pg. 4.) Donald is buried at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_broxon)

Of the fifty-eight individuals identified as having either attended or graduated from the University of Washington who served during World War I and made the ultimate sacrifice only one has remained completely elusive to verify any details about his life story: Fred E Bueler. The scant information available comes from the Sixteenth Biennial Report of the Board of Regents which lists him among the UW's casualties:

F. E. Bueler, lieutenant, 116th Infantry. Died at Lyons, France.

Attempts to locate a roster of the 116th have been unsuccessful. On the UW's WWI memorial, Fred is listed as F.E. Bueler. He was likely a short term student in a forestry program as he is mentioned in American Forestry, where he is referred to as Fred, with other UW students but efforts to learn more about his life have thus far been unsuccessful.

Herbert Florian Canfield was so determined to enlist he endured sinus surgery requiring a five-week convalescence in order to qualify. He was still rejected twice before he passed and joined the United States Naval Reserve Force as chief quartermaster. (Arkansas Democrat, 14 Sep 1918, pg. 8.) Florian died on August 26, 1918, when his seaplane crashed into Biscayne Bay off the coast of Miami, Florida. His body was brought to Seattle and his funeral was held from the University Methodist Church where his was buried with military honors with a band from the Bremerton Navy Yard and a company from the local Aviation Camp in attendance and “Eddie Hubbard, in an airplane … circle[d] high above the grave during the burial service.” (Seattle Star, 4 Sep, 1918, pg. 5.) Letters from fellow fliers were read at the service with tributes to Herbert’s bravery, daring and fidelity. Herbert was buried in Seattle’s Evergreen-Washelli Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_canfield)

Herbert registered for the draft in Schenectady, NY, where he was employed at General Electric Company. He accepted the position there following his graduation in 1916 from the UW with a degree in electrical engineering. His undergraduate thesis was titled “Automatic Temperature Control of Induction Water Heater” and he was member of Theta Chi Fraternity. Prior to enlisting he was involved with testing electric controls for the battleship New Mexico while at GE. Herbert was one of eight children born to Herbert Howe Canfield, a physician, and Ada Laughlin. Herbert was born in Siloam Springs, Arkansas and graduated from Seattle’s Lincoln High School. Six of the eight Canfield children attended the University of Washington.

"Leading his men across a shell swept ridge, in the Argonne Forest, Arthur Edward Carson, '18, lieutenant in the 91st Division, was struck by a high explosive, September 29, 1918, adding a paragraph to the deathless fame of the "Wild West" and sharing the glory of its citation for bravery." (TYEE, 1919, pg. 38.) Second Lieutenant Carlson of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, 91st Division, was killed in action in France near Verdun. Arthur entered the second officers training camp at the Presidio in August of 1917. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant and reported at Camp Lewis where he was attached to the 347th Machine Gun Company. His company left for France in June, 1918, part of the 91st division. Notice of Arthur's promotion to first lieutenant was received shortly after he lost his life.

The older of two sons, Arthur was born in Astoria, Oregon, to Finnish natives Frank Robert Carlson and his wife Anna Louise Johnson. The family later moved to Anacortes, Washington, where Arthur graduated from high school in 1914. He enrolled at the University of Washington and was a junior majoring in electrical engineering, affiliated with Acacia Fraternity, at the time of his enlistment. Arthur was united in marriage with Aletta Christine Anderson on March 2, 1918, in Tacoma. Originally buried in France, Arthur was reinterred at Fern Hill Cemetery in Anacortes on September 25, 1921. (bit.ly/uw_carlson)

Seattle-born Lloyd Thomas Cochran was the middle of three sons born to William Cochran and his wife, Lena Sather, a native of Norway. A 1912 graduate of Ballard High School, Lloyd attended the University of Washington graduating with a law degree in 1917. Even before the US entered the war, Lloyd had applied to the first Officers Training School at the Presidio and been awarded a commission. At the time his unit shipped overseas in July of 1918, Lloyd was a 2nd Lieutenant with Company F of the 363rd Infantry Regiment which was part of the 91st Infantry Division -- known as the "Wild West Division” -- out of Camp Lewis. Lloyd was the first man of Company F to be killed. Cochran was killed by a German sniper as he led his unit in a charge on the first day of the battle of Meuse-Argonne, September 26, 1918.

Just minutes before he and his company had discovered “a German machine gun "nest" with six or eight Germans around it. A German prisoner, who had escaped the bombardment had been captured a half hour before and was questioned sharply. He lied about the location of the machine gun but Cochran said not to handle the prisoner too rough as he would not like to be mistreated himself if a prisoner” as reported in the Seattle Daily Times in a series of articles written by Colin Dyment, Director of the UW’s School of Journalism. (Seattle Daily Times, Apr 14, 1919, pg. 7). Dyment goes on to say the German snipers responsible for Lloyd’s death were “promptly executed”. Originally buried at Bois de Cheppy, in France, Lloyd was reinterred in Seattle’s Evergreen-Washington Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_cochran) American Legion Post No. 40 in Ballard is named in his honor. (www.facebook.com/BallardPost40)

Lieutenant Dow Russell Cope, Aviation Section Signal Reserve Corps, was killed when his plane crashed near Tours, France, on June 16, 1918. Some newspaper accounts recorded his death as one of the first aviators to die while serving in Europe. He had recently been commissioned a lieutenant. A son of Walter Cope and Inez Mallory, Dow was born in Salem, Illinois, one of five children. He grew up in Yakima where he graduated from Yakima High School. A gifted debater, he was a member of the Stevens Debating Club at the University of Washington which he attended for one year as a Freshman in Liberal Arts. While at the UW, he also a popular boxing instructor at Seattle’s YMCA.

Dow later enrolled at Cumberland College in Lebanon, Tennessee where he studied music, played football and later pursued a law degree. Dow had the distinction of playing for Cumberland on October 7, 1916, when the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets -- known as the “Golden Tornado” and coached by John Heisman -- beat the Cumberland Bulldogs 222-0 in the most lopsided-victory in the history of college football. A member of Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity, Dow was working as a lawyer at Fort Oglethorpe, in Georgia at the time of his enlistment. Originally buried in France, Dow’s remains were repatriated to the US in 1920 and he was laid to rest at Tahoma Cemetery in Yakima. (bit.ly/uw_cope)

Musician Edward Charles Cunningham died of pneumonia following influenza at an Officers' Training Camp in France on December 1, 1918. He entered the University of Washington as a freshman in Mechanical Engineering in 1916, a member of the Class of 1920. Like so many others, he enlisted following the declaration of war in April of 1917.

Following his enlistment he was sent to Camp Murray - home of the Washington National Guard - for training. He was sent overseas on December 12, 1917, with the 161st Infantry, 41st Division, as a member of the Infantry Band. His high standing as a soldier won him an appointment to the Officers' Training Camp, but he died before completing the course.

An Honor Roll published by Whitman County, states he was the son of Mr. and Mrs. William Cunningham of St. John, Washington, but additional family details have not been located. Edward is buried at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_cunningham)

On November 18, 1917 – at just 21 years-old – William Reynolds Cutler was killed in action when his plane crashed near Etaples, France, while serving with the 70th Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps. As a pilot with the “English Camels” – known as the “eyes” of the Allies – Cutler performed the most dangerous scouting duties. (1919 Tyee, pg. 43.) His military career was short but brilliant. He is buried at Etaples Military Cemetery (bit.ly/uw_cutler) near Boulogne.

The son of Melville Fixott Cutler and Isabella Maud Woodill, Bill was a native of Victoria, British Columbia. He was the first airman casualty from Victoria High School. A member of Sigma Chi at the University of Washington, Bill was active in wrestling and track and majoring in chemical engineering. A poem dedicated to Cutler, composed by classmate Don Rockwell, ’17, was published in the 1918 Tyee and concludes:

Bill Cutler, bright, brave little star,
You gave your life to point the war
For those who fought like men at night
Your eyes for them the only sight—
Bill Cutler, bright, brave little star,
Who fell from high in this great war.

Influenza claimed the life of another well-known UW athlete, Sergeant Walter Clifford Dunbar, of Company B, 161st Infantry. Walter died of pneumonia following influenza on December 30, 1918 in France. Walter went overseas with the 161st in December of 1917. A native of Michigan, Walter was one of five children born to William Henry Dunbar and Nellie Catherine Doust. Walter was a 1910 graduate of Seattle High School -- where he was known as Skinny -- and then worked his way through the School of Mines at the University of Washington. His 1911 undergraduate thesis was titled "Excavation of ground and timbering used during construction of the north trunk sewer in Seattle, Washington."

Walter was coxswain of the varsity rowing club for three years and went to Poughkeepsie under Coach Conibear where the Washington boat took an impressive third place. Dunnie, as he was known at the UW, was the captain of the rowing team, a class officer, and contributor to both the Pacific Wave (the precursor to The Daily) and the UW's yearbook, the Tyee. He was considered as a rowing coach for UC Berkeley but went on to receive a Masters in Civil Engineering from the UW instead. Walter is buried at St. Mihiel American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_dunbar)

Lieutenant James Mills Eagleson, of the 69th Coast Artillery Corps, died of pneumonia following influenza on February 19, 1919, at Newport News, Virginia. He had just returned, together with his unit, from France. En route he contracted influenza and his condition quickly worsened. A telegram was sent from the USS Mercury to the ship -- also in the midst of a transatlantic crossing -- conveying his father, Dr. James Eagleson, home following his service with the AEF as medical director of Base Hospital 50. Dr. Eagleson’s ship made port in New York first and he raced to Virginia, arriving in time to be there when his son’s ship docked. James died shortly after his ship reached Newport News with his father by his side.

James was the oldest of four children born to James Beaty Eagleson and his wife, Clara Blanche Mills. A native of Seattle, "Jimmie" was a graduate of Broadway High School. He graduated from the University of Washington in 1917 with a degree in science. At the UW, Eagleson served a term as yell king and was a member of Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity. James married UW classmate Mary Geneva Sims in Seattle on November 24, 1917. James attended the first Officers’ Training School at the Presidio and graduated with a commission of second lieutenant. He was attached to the 69th Artillery at Fort Casey, where he was promoted to first lieutenant. In July, 1918, he accompanied his unit abroad. Several weeks later, Geneva gave birth to their son, James Sims Eagleson, in Seattle.

Several years after his death, James’ parents set about building a new YMCA for the UW community. Eagleson Hall, home of the YMCA at the University of Washington, was dedicated to the memory of James in March of 1923. Four-year-old James Sims Eagleson led the ceremonial groundbreaking in June of 1922 and Eagleson Hall was completed at a cost of $100,000, including furnishings, in 1923. It remained the home of the YMCA until it was sold to the University in 1963. James is buried at Seattle’s Lake View Cemetery together with his parents. (bit.ly/uw_eagleson)

During the influenza epidemic in Seattle "one enlisted member of the SATC died subsequently, failing to survive a hospital operation necessitated by after complications." (The Fifteenth Biennial Report of the Board of Regents of the University of Washington to the Governor of Washington, January 1919, pg. 16.) That soldier was Private George Vernon Evans who died November 20, 1918, at Providence Hospital after surgery to treat an empyema (lung abscess) following influenza.

When thinking of ways in which colleges could contribute to the war in a greater way, the Student Army Training Corps (SATC) was formed to establish a military unit in every college that could furnish a minimum of one hundred able-bodied men of military age. The Student Army Training Corps (SATC) was established by act of Congress in August, 1918, to train young men to fill positions in the military which was viewed as a top priority for universities. This gave students the chance to take part in a collegiate, learning atmosphere while also training to become a soldier. The SATC was jointly administered by the military at 157 colleges and universities.

George was the youngest of three boys born to Jerome Henry Evans and Matilda Louise Schmidt. Born in Winona, Minnesota, George and his family moved to Yakima when he was a child. George registered for the draft in September, 1918, and had just begun the SATC program when the influenza epidemic hit. George died just one month shy of his 20th birthday and is buried at Tahoma Cemetery in Yakima. (bit.ly/uw_evans)

Corporal Albert Merrill Farmer, a member of the 105th Aero Squadron with the Spruce Production Divisions died of pneumonia following influenza at Vancouver Barracks on November 15, 1918. Albert is buried at Seattle’s Lake View Cemetery, together with his parents. (bit.ly/uw_farmer)

Born in Chicago, Albert was the only surviving child of Robert W. Farmer and his wife, Mary Ann Walker Crockett, natives of Canada and Scotland respectively. The family moved west to Seattle in 1906 where Albert attended Broadway High School. He graduated from the University of Washington with a degree in Civil Engineering in 1916.

In 1914, Albert was united in marriage with Clara Bargett Reinicke in Tacoma. Clara was a painter of some renown and inventor. She married for a second time and known professionally as Clara Reinicke Dripps.

"Working day and night to take care of a number pneumonia patients that poured into Base Hospital 50" Private Charles Norman Fletcher contracted the disease and died on October 9, 1918; two days later. (Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 28 Nov 1918.) At the time of his death he was ward master in the hospital, responsible for the patients and the enlisted staff. He was buried in the Army cemetery at Mesves, in the department of Nievre, his name inscribed in a notebook of burials by chaplain Bergen Hansen. He was later reinterred in Seattle's Lake View Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_fletcher)

At the time he registered for the draft, Charles was working at a salmon cannery in Dundas Bay, Alaska. One of the first to enlist after the organization of the base hospital in Seattle, by Major James B. Eagleson, Charles withdrew during his sophomore year at the UW to enlist having previously been rejected in earlier attempts to enlist in either the infantry or artillery. Born in Buckley, Washington, Charles was survived by his mother and father, Anna and Charles Fletcher, natives of Scotland and English, respectively and an older sister. He death was the first gold star for his fraternity Kappa Sigma. Charles was a graduate of Broadway High School.

First Lieutenant Samuel Goodglick, U.S. Army Medical Corps, was an army surgeon in charge of the Coos Bay district, and after vigil of nights and days in caring for influenza victims among the soldiers in the spruce-camp, was himself stricken. He died of bronchopneumonia following influenza in North Bend, Oregon on November 8, 1918. “Funeral services for First Lieutenant Samuel Goodglick, of the Army Medical Corps, whose devotion to duty in caring for influenza victims in the many spruce camps of the Coos Bay district is considered the cause of his own death.” (Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 12 Nov 1918) He is buried at Bikur Cholim Cemetery in Seattle. (bit.ly/uw_goodglick)

Born in New York, Samuel moved to Seattle at a young age and graduated from Broadway High School. He was the middle child of Meyer Goodglick and Gertrude Anna Sperling’s seven children. He studied for two years at the University of Washington, between 1910 and 1912, completing his education at Columbia University. He studied then medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, also at Columbia. Following his graduation from medical school, he served for two years in Lincoln Hospital in New York City. Volunteering in the army as a private, he was later commissioned and promoted to the rank of first lieutenant.

Private George Congdon Gorham was killed instantly by enemy shell fire on October, 10, 1918, near the village of Escaudœuvres. George was a member of the 1st Canadians, Motor Machine Brigade, Bordon Battery. He enlisted with the Canadian Expeditionary Force on April 27, 1917, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and shipped to England in August 1917. George was a student in the College of Forestry and would have graduated in 1916, but left the UW to enlist in Canada prior to the entry of the United States into the war. He is buried at Cantimpre Canadian Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_gorham)

George was named for his grandfather, a prominent California politician, newspaper editor and Mayflower descendant. Born in Seattle, his parents were William Hills Gorham, a lawyer, and Kathleen Mary Louise Walton, a native of Ireland. George was the oldest of five children, with four younger sisters. He was a 1912 graduate of Broadway High School. While at the UW, he was a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. The Gorham family were members of Seattle’s University Unitarian Church and George was the first gold star for their congregation. (Unitarians in the State of Washington, 1870-1960, pg. 169.)

Immediately following the declaration of war, Rhodes Harold Gustafson, a freshman in Liberal Arts, withdrew from classes along with dozens of other students in order to enlist in the University of Washington’s newly formed ambulance unit. The unit was made up entirely of UW students who began drilling and training for hospital service without delay. Their equipment was purchased through donations made by Seattle and Tacoma merchants.

Headed by Professor of Hygiene and University Health Officer David C. Hall, the newly formed Ambulance Corps No. 12, was sent to Allentown, Pennsylvania, for training where Rhodes died of pneumonia on 27 March 1918. (bit.ly/uw_gustafson) The unit trained there until shortly after Rhodes' death, when the UW’s ambulance corps – now organized as Ambulance Service Sections 570, 571 and 572 – received their long-awaited transfer to active duty in Italy.

Born in St. Louis, Rhodes was the son of Charles Gustafson and Danish-born Hansina Hansen. A talented debater, Rhodes was a graduate of Broadway High School and was active in the Episcopal Church and the Brotherhood of St. Andrew. His older brother Raymond Carl Gustafson also served in WWI, with Evacuation Hospital No. 26.

Corporal Daniel Norman Hart was killed in action in early November, 1918, in the Meuse-Argonne offensive. In the fog of the final days of the war Dan was first reported as severely wounded. By December he was reported as Missing in Action. It would not be until February, 1919, that his family would learn definitively he had been killed on November 2, 1918, while serving with the 23rd Infantry, 2nd Division.

Dan was born and raised in Auburn, Washington, one of David Hart and Anna Dingler's four children. Anna was David's second wife and she divorced him in 1897 when Dan was four years old, supporting herself and her children as a seamstress. He enlisted just six months after enrolling at the University of Washington, where he had begun a course of study in Liberal Arts. Dan is buried at Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_hart)

Scarcely a decade after Orville and Wilbur Wright’s first flight at Kitty Hawk, NC, airplanes had already become incorporated into modern warfare. Nicholas Paul Comeford Healy, Class of 1920, responded to the call for aviators in November, 1917, and applied for commission in the Signal Corps. Nicholas was sent almost immediately to Berkeley, CA, for instruction and from there to the Signal Corps Aviation School at Rockwell Field, San Diego. He made rapid progress in flight school and was declared qualified to fly solo.

On a training flight on May 3, 1918, Healy's Curtiss Jenny (JN-4D) crashed near La Jolla. According to accounts “the airplane fell in a spinning nose dive from an altitude of about 500 feet after the cadets made a dip for landing for some unknown reason and started up.” (Leavenworth Times, 4 May 1918) A cadet flying with him, Emmett O’Hanley merely suffered a broken ankle.

Nicholas was one of six children born to Nicholas Caine Healy, a prominent pioneer lumberman, and his wife Estella Comeford. Born in Marysville, he was a graduate of Broadway High School and briefly attended Washington State College. The UW sophomore was studying liberal arts and was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. Nicholas was buried with full military honors at Seattle’s Lake View Cemetery and his death came just days before he was to receive his commission. (bit.ly/uw_healy)

Lieutenant Clarence Joseph Hemphill died of pneumonia on February 22, 1919, at Evacuation Hospital 21, near Rimaucourt, France. He served with the 1st Army within the 26th Division and was sent to France in January, 1918. Later he was with the 101st Field Artillery and saw action at Chateau Thierry and Verdun. He was gassed three times, the last attack occurring the day before the Armistice signing. "At the time of the last attack he was a liaison officer, not being in physically fit condition to assume command of his battery. While some apprehension had been felt because of his continued presence in a hospital, he had never written home of his condition, and the news of his death came with heartbreaking force."”" (Seattle Daily Times, March 19, 1919, pg. 14) Clarence is buried at Meuse-Argonne Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_hemphill)

Clarence was working in the Bay Area at the time he registered for the draft, having previously served in the California National Guard with General Pershing along the Mexican Border in 1916. Following his enlistment, Clarence attended the first Officers Training Camp at the Presidio. The third of William Nelson Hemphill and Harriet Elizabeth “Abbie” Brannan‘s six children, Clarence was born and raised in Auburn, Washington. He graduated from Auburn High School in 1909 and attended the University of Washington from 1912-1914 where he was a member of Acacia Fraternity.

Alfred Clarence Hoiby, '18, was the only child of Norwegian immigrants Peter Arenson Hoiby (originally Hoideby) and Ida Evenson. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Alfred and his parents moved west between 1905 and 1910 and he was a 1914 graduate of Broadway High School. While majoring in liberal arts, in preparation for pursuing a law degree, Alfred also turned out for basketball and crew at the University of Washington.

Alfred enlisted upon the declaration of war, near the end of his third year at the UW. He trained with the Coast Artillery Corps, 7th Company, at a Puget Sound coastal fort until his unit was sent to Montana to provide protection for Butte’s copper mines; their uninterrupted output critical to the war effort.

Alfred died in Butte on 10 December 1917 of complications from pneumonia. His mother Ida escorted his body back to Seattle where he was buried at Seattle’s Lake View Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_hoiby) He made his home with his parents at 1909 Minor Avenue, Seattle. A member of Psi Upsilon Fraternity, the house was named Hoiby Hall in his honor.

Influenza claimed yet another victim, First Lieutenant Earl Malcolm Hoisington, on November 10th, 1918. While recovering from a hunting accident, influenza settled in his lungs and developed into double pneumonia. Earl died at Rockwell Field, near San Diego, California. To honor his excellence in fulfilling his duties, the posthumous rank of captain was conferred upon him. He attended the Second Officers’ Training Camp at the Presidio in August, 1917. Earl was commissioned a first lieutenant and ordered to Camp Lewis following his training. He later transferred to the aviation corps, being one of the few who made this change without a demotion in rank. After ground work training at Austin, Texas, Earl undertook flight work at Rockwell, Otay Mesa and Oneonta Fields. In July, 1918, he was made chief instructor of aerial gunnery, and in that capacity had supervision over four flying fields.

The older of two children born to Phillip Burlingham Hoisington and Eva Elizabeth Weger, Earl was a native of Spokane. He was a member of the class of 1918, studying business administration at the University of Washington. Earl was an active supporter of the YMCA and a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. Earl was working as a bookkeeper in Wallace, Idaho, at the time he registered for the draft. In 1925, a portion of Parkwater Field (now Felts Fields) in Spokane was designated headquarters for the 116th Observation Squadron of the Washington Air National Guard and named Camp Earl Hoisington (also known as Earl Hoisington Field). Earl is buried at Spokane’s Moran Cemetery along with other members of the Hoisington family. (bit.ly/uw_hoisington)

On July 27, 1918, Mrs. Catherine Hoke of Seattle received a telegram from the War Department informing her that her son, Thomas Everett Hoke, was missing in action near Chateau Thierry, France. It would be six long months before the news would come that Everett had been killed in action on July 1st. A member of Company A of the 161st Infantry, Hoke had recently been promoted to the rank of Sergeant. He was buried at Aisne-Marne American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_hoke)

Born in Tacoma, Everett was the younger of Michael Hoke and Catherine Jones' two sons. He had resided in Seattle for several years with his widowed English-born mother and brother following his graduation from Olympia High School. His brother Sergeant Herbert Sumner Hoke served with the 69th Artillery. Everett was employed at the Seattle Hardware Company at the time of his enlistment. He had enrolled as a freshman at the University of Washington in 1914 studying Liberal Arts.

Frank Harold Hubbard, '20, corporal in Company L, 161st United States Infantry, died of scarlet fever at Base Hospital No. 9, Chateauroux, France, on 27 January 1918.

Corporal Hubbard served on the Mexican border with the Second Washington during the summer of 1916. Upon the declaration of war he was again called into service. After a period of training, his unit left Camp Mills, New York, in December of 1917 and landed in France the first day of 1918. Originally buried in the American plot of the cemetery at Chateauroux, Frank was reinterred at San Francisco National Cemetery in 1920. (bit.ly/uw_hubbard)

Frank was the only child of Kenneth Hubbard and Emma Freeman. Born in Chicago, Frank and his parents later moved to Seattle. He was a 1916 graduate of Lincoln High School. Kenneth Hubbard received a pharmacy degree from Northwestern University and while at the UW Frank followed in his father’s footsteps studying chemistry and pharmacy. He was a pledge of Sigma Nu which named their fraternity house Hubbard Hall in his honor. The Hubbard family lived at 7200 Woodlawn Avenue.

Howard DeHart Hughes first was a Harvard man, Class of 1904. Following his graduation he entered the University of Washington’s Law School graduating in 1907. He worked for several years as an attorney for the City of Seattle, later opening his own law practice, following in his father's footsteps. One of two children, Howard was born in Carthage, Illinois, to Elwood Clark Hughes and his wife, Emma Jane DeHart.

He entered the first Officers' Training Camp at the Presidio in 1917 and was commissioned a captain. He was assigned to the 361st Infantry, 91st Division, and was killed in action on November 1, 1918, at Wortegem, Belgium during the Lys-Scheldt Offensive. He was conferring with the unit’s colonel when both were hit by a shell.

He told his brother-in-law who he had chanced to meet up with in France he expected to be killed and that he "had a personal conviction that he would never return to America." (Memoirs of The Harvard Dead In The War Against Germany) Originally buried in Belgium, he was reinterred at Arlington National Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_hughes) He was awarded the Silver Star for his "distinguished and conspicuous ability in handling his company." (Congressional citation)

A poem dedicated to Howard appeared in the 1907 TYEE recalling his Harvard education:
Howard D. Hughes is a Hahva’d youth,
A polite young man he is, for sooth!
His luncheons he shares,
From soup to eclairs,
With Artless May Crahan – the gooth!

Captain Francis David Johnson was killed in action near Bois de la Grande Montagne, as part of the Meuse-Argonne offensive, just two days before the war ended on November 9, 1918. At 6am that morning Captain Johnson headed for hill 378, called Borne de Cornouiller by the French. He was heroically killed as he led his men as they attempted to locate and capture nests of concealed machine guns and snipers. Francis is buried at Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_johnson)

After failing to pass the physical examination while at attending officers training camp at the Presidio in the summer of 1917, Francis enlisted as a private in the Engineers. He was later re-examined and commissioned Second Lieutenant. He was promoted to First Lieutenant, while serving with the 316th Infantry, in France. Francis was posthumously promoted to Captain. “‘Alaska’ Johnson, as he was called by his friends, was one of the best loved officers in the regiment.” (History of the 316th Regiment of Infantry in the World War, 1918.)

Born in Wahoo Nebraska, Francis was the only child of Judge Charles Sumner Johnson and his wife, Mary Davis. Francis spent several years of his early childhood in Alaska, where his father was the U.S. District Attorney and later Federal Judge for the District of Alaska with headquarters at Sitka. After his father died in 1906, Francis and his mother settled in Zillah, Washington.

For extraordinary heroism in battle, First Lieutenant Clair Arthur Rawson Kinney, of the 49th Aero Squadron, United States Army Air Service, was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. “With a patrol of six other machines Lieutenant Kinney attacked 17 enemy planes, (Fokker type). Diving into the midst of the enemy formation he fired into one of the German planes, and pursued it until it crashed to the ground, though he was wounded by another Fokker, which attacked him from the rear. After maneuvering to escape his pursuer, Lieutenant Kinney immediately attacked another enemy plane directly in front of him, and forced it to the ground. In so doing he was fired upon from behind by another Fokker, several bullets striking him in the body and another setting fire to his gas tank. He succeeded in making a safe landing. This gallant officer afterward died of his wounds.” (Congressional citation.) Clair died in a German hospital on October 4, 1918, after being wounded in the mid-air battle near Doulcon, France. He was also awarded the Croix de Guerre for his actions. Originally buried in Stenay, France, he was later reinterred at Meuse-Argonne Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_kinney)

Clair was the youngest of Martin Palmer Kinney and his wife, Margaret Mahoney's four sons. Clair was born in Sioux City, Iowa and raised in Endicott, Washington. Immediately following the declaration of war he enlisted. In May, 1917, he was appointed to the Presidio for the First Officers' Training School. He unit advanced to front early in fall of 1918. A senior in the College of Fine Arts when he withdrew from the UW, Clair was a member of the Varsity Boat Club and planned to pursue a career in architecture.

Excerpt from a poem dedicated to Clair by B.W. Brintnall:
His country’s call, it found him fit.
He’d been a-rowing on the crew;
He hadn’t been out nights with you,
He had so many things to do.
His country’s call – he answered it.

Harry B. Leavitt was a first-year law student at the University of Washington when the US entered World War I. A native of Chicago, Harry was one of four children born to Russian immigrants Bernard Leavitt and Anna Towlen. At the time he registered for the draft Harry was working as a clerk with the Standard Oil Company, then located in Seattle’s iconic Alaska Building.

Harry served as a Sergeant in the Quartermaster Corps – the Army’s logistical unit responsible for organizing equipment and materials in the field and providing support for soldiers – which was instrumental in getting the newly-formed Camp Lewis up and running.

Half of the UW's casualties died of disease rather than injuries or combat, including Harry. Unlike most of his comrades, however, who died of infectious disease, Harry died of cranial hemorrhage due to a brain tumor at Seattle’s Providence Hospital on 28 March 1918. (bit.ly/uw_leavitt) Harry was an active member of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

Captain Wilfred Lewis served as a supply officer with Quartermaster Corps of the 91st Division in France, working tirelessly during the Battle of the Argonne, traveling continuously with little opportunity for rest. The hardship he endured may have contributed to his death from pneumonia on February 10, 1919, at a hospital at La Ferte Bernard, twenty-seven miles southeast of Paris. His older brother, Major John Lewis, lost his life with the Canadians at the Somme in 1916 and Wilfred was resolved to enlist, as well. “He enlisted at the declaration of war but was held in construction work at Camp Lewis until made supply officer with the 91st.” (TYEE, 1919, pg. 37.)

The youngest of five children born to John Simon Lewis and Harriet Richards Boyle, Wilfred was a native of Dubuque, Iowa. He was a graduate of Dubuque High School and attended Beloit College for two years before graduating from the University of Illinois in 1907 with a degree in Civil Engineering. Following his graduation from Illinois, Wilfred moved to Seattle, where he was engaged in construction and regrade work. He then served for four years as general secretary for the campus YMCA before becoming the Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds at the University of Washington. He was the UW's only staff casualty. He was actively engaged in the Boys’ club and served as a faculty advisor to Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity, having been a member at Illinois. A talented tenor, he headlined UW Glee Club concerts throughout the state.

Wilfred was married to Caroyln Gray Tripple on January 21, 1913, in Seattle. They were the parents of a young son, John Simon Lewis, at the time Wilfred was dispatched to France in July, 1918. A daughter, Mary Carolyn, was born posthumously in April, 1919. Wilfred is buried at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_lewis) A cenotaph at Linwood Cemetery in Dubuque, Iowa, is dedicated to the memory of both Wilfred and his brother, John. (bit.ly/uw_lewis2)

Captain Charles Arthur Lindbery died of pneumonia and complications of spinal meningitis at Camp Lee, Virginia, on 27 May 1918. Just a few days prior to his death he had broken his left wrist while helping his men pull a truck out of a mud hole saving the life of one of his men. The injury prevented him from going overseas with his unit. Charles was an 1896 graduate of Whatcom High School and received a liberal arts degree from the University of Washington in 1901. While at the UW, Charles served as Captain of Company "A" of the University Cadets and was a member of the Mandolin and Guitar Club. A former commander of Company M, 2nd Washington Infantry, Charles served as a captain with the 601st Engineers where he was responsible for 900 men. A promotion to Major was pending at the time of his death.

At the time of his enlistment, Charles was serving as the County Engineer for Whatcom County and he was active in the Washington State Association of County Engineers. His parents Albert Lindbery and Ida Sohyberg were both Swedish immigrants living in Albany, New York, when Charles was born. In 1909 Charles was united in marriage with Ada Lenora Wilson. Tragedy struck the young couple in 1914 when Ada and their infant son, Charles Jr., both died shortly after his birth. In 1916 Charles married secondly Charlotte Louise Larson who survived him. Charles’ body was returned to Washington and he was laid to rest at the Wright Crematory and Columbarium in Seattle. (bit.ly/uw_lindbery)

First Lieutenant William Joseph Alexander MacDonald was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for extraordinary heroism in action while serving with 167th Infantry Regiment, 42nd Division, near Landres-et-St. Georges, France on October 14, 1918. When the platoon commanded by Lt. MacDonald began the attack, it encountered a tremendously heavy artillery and machine-gun fire. Realizing the difficult and hazardous position his men were in, and with utter disregard of his own personal safety, Bill valorously led the platoon forward and attained the objective. In the performance of this brave act Lt. MacDonald so encouraged his men that they continued to carry on after he had made the supreme sacrifice. (Congressional Commendation.)

Bill was with his regiment in the Argonne and was killed on October 14th while attacking Cote de Chatillon. Early in the attack he received a bad shrapnel wound in the leg, but carried on until his platoon was established, Bill started to crawl back to a dressing station. He had gone but a short distance when a shell fell near him and he was instantly killed. Three days later the chaplain of his regiment found his body and he was buried on the north side of Cote de Chatillon with three of his men who were lying near him.

The only child of Dr. Alexander MacDonald, and his wife, Margaret Anna Forster, Bill was a 1917 graduate of the UW's law school, a member of Kappa Sigma Fraternity and captain of the track team in 1917. In honor of Bill, a University athletic field was named MacDonald Field "for all time." (TYEE, 1919, pg. 35.) In addition to his parents, Bill was also survived by his wife, Helen Bain, a fellow UW student, who he married on April 7, 1917. Originally buried in France, Bill was later reinterred in Minnesota. (bit.ly/uw_macdonald)

"The influenza epidemic gilded another star on the University's great service flag when it carried off John Henry Martin '16, Sergeant in Ambulance Company 11. He was stationed with his unit at Camp Fremont, California, at the time of the scourge and died there on October 17, 1918." (TYEE, 1919, pg. 45.) He is buried in Spokane, at Greenwood Memorial Terrace. (bit.ly/uw_martin)

Born in Ritzville, John was the oldest of Benjamin Martin and Mattie Eliza Greene's three children. He studied at Whitman College -- where he was known as Tubby -- before enrolling at the UW. John graduated with a degree in chemistry in 1916 and was a member of Alpha Tau Omega Fraternity. After graduating he worked as a chemist for the International Cement Company near Spokane.

John enlisted on May 19, 1917, "among the first from the University to answer the martial call." (Seattle Post-Intelligencer, October 20, 1918.) On May 24, 1917 — shortly before he departed for training in California — he was married to Whitman classmate Elsie Virginia Wilson. Elsie never remarried and pursued a career as a dietitian, eventually becoming a Professor of Dietetics and an original faculty member at Duke University's School of Nursing.

As the battle in the Argonne Forest raged into its fourth day, and after numerous casualties, Second Lieutenant Adelbert Durkee McCleverty was appointed to lead his battalion’s charge against the village of Gesnes. The battalion was successful but McCleverty was wounded in the process and died on the battlefield on September 29, 1918. He is buried at Meuse-Argonne Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_mccleverty) After serving for four years in the 2nd Regiment of Washington’s National Guard, Adelbert attended officers training camp at the Presidio and received a commission. He was assigned to Company G, 362nd Infantry, part of the 91st Infantry “Wild West” Division. Highly regarded by his men, McCleverty was described as "modest and unassuming" and a "natural leader" by Colin Dyment in his series about the actions of the 91st. (Morning Oregonian, 8 May 1919, pg. 7.) Dyment goes on to quote Adelbert’s commander "he inspired confidence by his goodness rather than by his aggressiveness."

The oldest of three children born to Judge Joseph D. McCleverty and his wife, Mary Richardson, Adelbert was born and raised in Fort Scott, Kansas. He graduated from Fort Scott High School and then attended the University of Kansas. Following the death of his father, Mary and her children moved to Seattle where Adelbert decided to follow in his father’s footsteps and attend law school. He graduated with a law degree from the University of Washington in 1911. He was a member of Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity at Kansas and the UW. Adelbert married Phebe Mae Pierce on May 18, 1915, in Seattle. Following Adelbert's enlistment she took his place in her husband's law office. She went on to study law and was admitted to the bar in 1920, when she took over her husband's practice.

Lieutenant Frank Everett McNett served with the Dental Corps within the Army's Medical Department. At the time of his death he was posted to Camp Greenleaf, a medical officer training camp at Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. He died of pneumonia following influenza in nearby Chattanooga, Tennessee, on December 18, 1918. Frank was one of just three physicians selected to complete a course of study at Columbia University in plastic surgery and reconstruction. Funeral services, with full military honors, were held at the camp.

His wife was with her husband at the time of his death and escorted his body, accompanied by a military escort, to Portland, Oregon, for burial. Frank is buried at Riverview Cemetery in Portland, Oregon. (bit.ly/uw_mcnett). Frank was married to Marian Cole Atwater, on April 26, 1916, in Portland. A cenotaph in his memory is also in his family's plot at Evergreen Cemetery in Everett.

A native of South Dakota, Frank was one of four children born to Henry Sanford McNett and his wife, Emma Julia Ward. In 1895 Frank and his family moved to Everett, Washington, where he graduated from Everett High School. The family later moved to Leavenworth. Frank attended the University of Washington for two years where he was a member of Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity. He then transferred to North Pacific College – a professional school of pharmacy, dentistry and optometry – in Portland, Oregon, and graduated in 1915 with a degree in dentistry. He had opened his first practice in LaCrosse, Washington, prior to enlisting.

Private Wilmot Charles Morehouse died on February 13, 1919, at Mestre, Italy, as the result of accidental gunshot wounds he received shortly before Armistice was declared. Wilmot drove an ambulance at the front during the final Italian offensive which brought about the collapse of Austria. Wilmot enlisted in the University of Washington’s ambulance corps, when it was organized by David C. Hall, in April, 1917. He trained with the unit during its stay at Allentown, Pennsylvania, and was sent with the Corps to Italy in June, 1918.

Wilmot – Billy as he was known to his family – was the fourth of five children born to Charles Richmond Morehouse and his wife Lorinda “Lora” Goddard. A native of Iowa, Wilmot attended North High School in Des Moines before the family moved to Seattle in 1913. He graduated from Lincoln High School in 1916. He was enrolled as a sophomore in pre-med studies at the time he enlisted. Originally buried in Italy, his remains were returned to the US in July, 1921, when he was reinterred at Evergreen-Washelli Cemetery in Seattle. (bit.ly/uw_morehouse)

On the February 5, 1918, the troopship Tuscania – en route to Great Britain with more than 2,000 American soldiers on board – was torpedoed by a German submarine in the North Channel and sank seven miles off the coast of Scotland. More than 200 men drowned in the seas off Islay or were dashed to their death on the rocks including Roy Muncaster, D Company, 6th Battalion, 20th Engineers.

A native of Colorado, Roy was of nine children born to English immigrants William Muncaster and Elizabeth Ewing. He attended Colorado College and then enrolled in the Forestry program at the University of Washington, graduating with the class of 1917. A member of Phi Gamma Delta at the UW, the FIJIs named their fraternity house Muncaster Hall in his honor.

The Tuscania's casualties were exhumed from their original burial in Scotland with the exception of Private Roy Muncaster. His family requested that his body remain undisturbed. (bit.ly/uw_muncaster). At the time of his enlistment Roy was working as a forest ranger in the Quinault District of the Olympic National Forest. The US Forest Service named Mount Muncaster in honor of Roy following his death. (bit.ly/mt_muncaster)

For four years Elmer John "Cy" Noble was a standout halfback on the UW's football team under legendary undefeated coach Gilmour Dobie. His pigskin skills would come in handy when he was called to provide instruction in bayoneting and bomb throwing at Fort Lewis for army recruits. Commissioned as a Lieutenant at the first Officer’s Training School at the Presidio, Cy led the men of Company D of the 364th Infantry with the Wild West Division. Cy was killed in action on September 26, 1918, when he was struck by a cannon shell. Originally buried near the battlefield, he was later reinterred at Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_noble)

Elmer's heroism and bravery were recognized with a Distinguished Service Cross for gallantry when he "led his men under heavy fire in an attack through barbed-wire entanglements on the enemy positions before Bois-de-Cheppy. His conduct had a marked moral effect upon his men and he continued leading the attack until killed by enemy fire." (Congressional Commendation.)

While at the UW, Cy majored in Commerce, was a member of Sigma Nu Fraternity, and the Oval Club and Fir Tree honor societies. In 1917 he married Doris Smith “the culmination of a college romance extending over his entire college days.” (The Delta of Sigma Nu Fraternity, vol. 36, pg. 711.) Born in Snohomish, Washington, Elmer was the youngest of John Noble and Sarah Hoskinson’s three children to survive infancy. Raised in Centralia, to Centralia High School's Noble Field was named him. The first American Legion Post founded in Seattle in 1919, Post No. 1, was also named in Elmer Noble's honor.

Corporal Merle Wesley O'Rear died on July 12, 1918, near Cote d'Or, France, when he was knocked from the convoy train he was traveling on as it was passing through a tunnel. A telegram from the adjutant general's office at Washington, D. C., announcing Corporal Merle O'Rear's death in France, reached his parents an hour after they learned of it by a letter written a month before by Capt. R. B. McClinton of the University of Washington company of which Corporal O'Rear was a member. Capt. McClinton, expressing the deep esteem in which the dead soldier was held by all his comrades, told of his death on July 12th and burial with military honors on July 13th. Merle served as a corporal with Company A, 161st US Infantry. He arrived in France with his unit on his twenty-first birthday. He was entrusted with important details related to convoying materials, completing a mission into German Territory in Lorraine just the date before his death.

A native of Port Townsend, Merle was the younger of two sons born to Newton O'Rear and Ruby Shaw. Merle was a graduate of Queen Anne High School and a student of the University. His brother Clyde Shaw O’Rear served at the 116th depot ordnance at Camp Lewis. Merle entered the University as a freshman in September 1914. He was studying mechanical engineering and played tennis and basketball while at the UW. Merle left the University school to enlist. Prior to WWI, Merle served with the UW company of the National Guards and accompanied the regiment to Calexico where the unit was involved with border protection during the hunt for Pancho Villa. Originally buried in France, Merle’s final resting place is Arlington National Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_orear)

During World War I, the University of Washington had a U.S. Navy training station on the shores of Lake Union. Before the camp closed in 1919, over 5,000 men had been trained there for both naval and naval aviation units. There were 724 cases of influenza at the camp between October and December, 1918, and thirty-four deaths. One of those who perished was Allen Cooper Ostrander, a freshman in Electrical Engineering. Allen enrolled with the UW Naval Reserve Force as a Seaman second class on June 6, 1918, and died of pneumonia brought on by the flu at the camp on October 17, 1918.

Born in Detroit, Allen had a twin brother, Arthur Peter, who died shortly after birth. Together with his parents, Arthur Dale Ostrander and Harriet Mary Cooper, and younger sister, Ruth, Allen moved to Buffalo, New York, and then to Outlook, Washington, in Yakima County. His father also served in the Navy during the Spanish American War and World War I. Allen’s sister Ruth Elizabeth Ostrander was a 1922 graduate of UW. An endowed scholarship in the School of Public Health is awarded in her memory to students in Nutritional Sciences. Allen, his parents and sister, are all buried at Seattle’s Evergreen Washelli Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_ostrander)

"By September, 1918, the overwork was beginning to show on the men, and this, along with bad drinking water, put a large number of our own men in the hospital. … It was at this time that the unit lost its first man, Sam Parker, who died the evening of September 7, just as taps was sounded. He was run down from overwork and contracted diphtheria." (The History of Base Hospital Fifty, 1922, pg. 69.)Private Samuel Nichols Parker served with Base Hospital 50 near Mesves-Bulcy and is buried at St. Mihiel American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_parker)

Samuel was finally accepted for service with the base hospital unit after repeated attempts to enter the army. He was a member of the Post-Intelligencer editorial staff and a reporter at the Olympia Recorder prior to that. Samuel, Class of 1919, was a member of Pi Tau Upsilon Fraternity at the University of Washington, writer for The Daily and a member of Sigma Delta Chi, an honorary journalism fraternity. Samuel enlisted early in the summer of 1918 traveling to Camp Merritt, New Jersey, for training and then departing on July 14, 1918, for action overseas under the command of Major Eagleson. Born in Illinois, Samuel was the only child of Sarah E. Nichols and John W. Parker.

"Sergeant Patton Killed by Shell"

Hit by an enemy shell while marching through a small village in Northern France, a few miles back from the firing lines, Sergt. Gerald S. Patton, graduate of the 1915 class at the University of Washington, sustained injuries that caused his death” according to a telegram to his father from the War Department. (Seattle Times, 20 May 1918.) Gerald’s leg was broken in two places and he sustained a head injury in the shell attack on April 19, 1918. Letters to his father from hospital personnel suggested he was recovering and his death on May 14th was unexpected. Gerald was attached to the Gas and Flames section of the 30th Engineers.

The only child of George Edgar Patton and Althea May Shields, Gerald’s mother died just two weeks after his birth. Born in Des Moines, Iowa, Gerald was raised in Monmouth, Illinois, before moving to Seattle. While at the UW, Gerald studied pharmaceutical chemistry and accepted a position at Parke-Davis laboratories in Detroit following his graduation. An accomplished entertainer and piano player, Gerald was an active member of the University Dramatic Association and starred in many campus productions. He was member of Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. Gerald Patton was buried at Somme American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_patton1). A cenotaph in Gerald’s memory was also installed at Seattle’s Evergreen-Washelli Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_patton2)

Private Frank Peterson died of spinal meningitis in France between October 22 and November 6, 1918. Currently little else is known about Frank other than he was serving with the Quartermaster Corps. Frank was a freshman studying business administration at the University of Washington at the time he enlisted and a pledge of Phi Kappa Psi. He is buried in Wenatchee, Washington. (bit.ly/uw_peterson)

"It was Sunday morning in the Argonne. There was a gap to the left of the "Wild West" section. Two companies of the engineers went in and over the top, driving the Boche before them. Lieutenant Lester B. Pickering, ’17, led his men through the red hell of machine gun fire. A bullet pierced his right leg, glancing off the bone. Adjusting his own first-aid, and neglecting the advice of his fellow officers, he continued the advance." (TYEE, 1918, pg. 46.) He had to be ordered to fall back and recover from his wounds at a base hospital where he developed pneumonia following a bout of influenza and died on October 15, 1918. Originally buried in France, Lester was reinterred at Novelty Cemetery, in Duvall in 1922. (bit.ly/uw_pickering)

Lester Bert Pickering graduated from the UW in 1917 with a degree in civil engineering. He was selected for the first Officers’ Training Camp at the Presidio, and was commissioned as a 2nd lieutenant in May of 1917, and then assigned to the 316th Engineers, with the 91st Division. The third of ten children born to English-immigrant Alfred Charles Pickering and his wife, Adah Jeanette Long, Lester was a native of Novelty, Washington. He married Lela Ada Thayer, of Monroe, in Los Angeles, California on December 19, 1917. American Legion Post No. 102 was named in honor of Lester B. Pickering when it received its charter on January 30, 1922.

Before the United States had even entered the war UW Forestry student Hugh Arthur Rees enlisted in the 16th Battalion of the Canadian Infantry (Manitoba Division). Born in England in 1892, Hugh and his parents immigrated to Canada in 1912. Critically wounded in battle, Rees died in Reading, England, on 12 August 1916. (bit.ly/uw_harees)

In Mark Zuehlke's book, Brave Battalion, Remarkable Saga of the 16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), Rees' heroic action in battle is described:

"Groups of Germans could be seen near the trenches attempting to rally a counterattack. Seeing this and also spotting a German machine gun nearby, Cpl Hugh Arthur Rees, a machine gunner with No. 2 team, brought the weapon into action. For the next four hours, as Vancouver was increasingly pounded by German artillery, Rees kept the gun in operation and broke up one attempted counterattack after another, even when it became clear the enemy artillery were attempting to zero in on him. Finally a shell found the mark and the crewmen with him were all killed while Rees was badly wounded. It was an act of heroism that would see the British born twenty-three-year-old awarded a Military Medal for valour."

Corporal Hugh Arthur Rees was awarded the United Kingdom's Military Medal for action at the battle of Mont Sorrel, Ypres Salient between June 2-14, 1916.

Private Ralph Beebe Rees, class of 1920, died of pneumonia in France on October 8, 1918. When he registered for the draft, Ralph was working at the Pacific American Fisheries cannery at Excursion Inlet, Alaska. He left the UW in June, 1918, to enter military service. Within five weeks of his induction on June 25, 1918 – following short stints at Camp Lewis and Camp Kearny – Ralph was sent to France with the headquarters company of the 158th Infantry. Before seeing active service, however, he contracted pneumonia. He is buried at St. Mihiel American Cemetery in France. (bit.ly/uw_rbrees).

A native of St. Joseph, Illinois, Ralph was the middle of three children born to Dr. William Rees and his wife, Almona Beebe. The family moved to Portland in 1911 and Ralph graduated from Washington High School there in 1915. Ralph entered the UW following a year of study at Reed College. He was majoring in electrical engineering in the hopes of serving with the signal corps and was ranked at the top of his class academically. He was a member Pi Tau Upsilon Fraternity.

Tuesday, November 12 — "I certainly would have loved to get across the pond. We had orders to leave before December 15, but I guess it’s all off now. I do know that I’m beginning to like the game and intend to stick as long as they will keep me now. It’s a great sport. Love—James, Jr." The following day, November 13, 1918, James Russell Ristine, Jr., was killed in an aeroplane accident in Miami, Florida. He was flying at a height of 200 feet when his plane went into a spin and crashed to the ground. To avoid a collision with another plane, James attempted a nose dive from too low a position.

James was one of four students from the University of Washington to pass the stiff marine aviation examination. James enlisted on June 5, 1918, in the Aviation Corps and was sent to the Presidio, and then to Boston, where, at the Boston Institute of Technology, he finished with high honors in his ground instruction training. From there he was transferred to the flying field at Miami. News of his coveted commission as a lieutenant in the marine aviation corps arrived just three days after his death.

James was the youngest of ten children – five girls and five boys – born to James Richard Ristine and his wife, Augusta Henrietta Beegle. He was a freshman at the UW when he enlisted. He was a member of Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity and had been selected for the freshman football squad. He was just twenty years old when he died and is buried in Joplin, Missouri. (bit.ly/uw_ristine)

Walter Earl Shanly was serving in the Engineering Corps of the Navy at the time of his death from influenza on October 15, 1918. He died in his hometown, Bellingham, Washington, while visiting his parents as he waited to be called into service. He had originally enlisted in the Army but had been discharged for health reasons. He later successfully enlisted in the Navy.

The older of Walter Gregg Shanly and his wife, Minnie Hockey's two children, Walter was a born in Globe, Arizona, and moved to Bellingham at a young age. He was a 1910 graduate of Whatcom High School. While at the UW he played football and basketball, served as sergeant major of the cadets, was a member of the Badger Debate club and Theta Chi Fraternity. He graduated with a degree in electrical engineering in 1916.

On October 29, 1918 -- just days after Walter's death -- his only sibling, younger sister Mabel Lillian Shanly, succumbed to complications from influenza, as well, leaving their parents childless in the space of two weeks. Mabel was a graduate of the Normal School (now Western Washington University) and a teacher. Walter is buried together with his sister and parents at Bellingham’s Bayview Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_shanly)

Having already served in Washington's National Guard for six years – and been posted along the Mexican border in 1916 – Truman Arthur Starr was already in training at the Presidio’s Officers Training camp at the time he registered for the draft. At the completion of his training he went to Camp Lewis, where he received his commission as lieutenant. He went overseas in June with the 363rd Machine Gun Company of the 91st Division and was killed in action of October 4, 1918, in the Argonne Forest, having done as "good work in the drive as any in the division, none barred" said his captain. (Seattle Daily Times, November 5, 1921, pg. 2.)

Truman was the seventh of Samuel Starr and Ella Eugenia Saunders' nine children; eight boys and one girl. He was born and raised in Auburn, the first of Auburn High School’s graduates to be killed in action. He attended the University of Washington for two years, studying chemical engineering. Truman married Leah Clara Constance in Seattle on December 22, 1917. On October 29, 1918, Leah gave birth to Truman Arthur Starr, Jr. Just two weeks later she would receive official notification from the war department of her husband's death, her grief further compounded by the stillbirth of Truman's twin, Marian Constance. Originally buried in France, Truman was reinterred at Evergreen-Washelli Cemetery in 1921. (bit.ly/uw_starr)

Corporal William Sherman Tucker died of wounds he received in action. A 1916 graduate of the University of Washington's law school, William established a law practice in Chester, Montana. He one of the first men from Chester to enlist, on April 24, 1917, and was initially stationed at Fort Harrison, Montana, with Company C, 163rd Infantry, 41st Division; part of the Montana National Guard. His unit later became part of the 23rd Infantry, 2nd Division. He died on October 6, 1918, of wounds received during the battle of Chateau-Thierry, part of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. William is buried in France at Meuse-Argonne Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_tucker)

Born in Laddonia, Missouri, William was the only child of William Sherman Tucker, a Baptist minister, and his wife, Margaret Elizabeth Bibb. William's father died two months before he was born. His mother later married Joseph Sisk and the family moved to Endicott, Washington, and later Galata, Montana.

"Although death was becoming a common occurrence, and almost every day brought news of the death of some friend or relative, still the news of Homer Ward's death shocked his many friends. It was hard to believe that a young man who had left home in the pink of health, could be so suddenly stricken with death." (In the Service: The Great World War Honor Roll, Southwest Washington, 1920.) Lieutenant Homer Wilber Ward died of pneumonia at Base Hospital 53 in Marseilles, France on October 19, 1918. He is buried at Suresnes American Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_ward) At the time he registered for the draft he was at Officer Training Camp at the Presidio in San Francisco.

Homer was one of five surviving children born to Wilber Solon Ward and his wife Lydia Ann Timmen. His twin sister was stillborn. Born in Concordia, Kansas, Homer’s parents moved to Centralia when he was young and he graduated from Centralia High School in 1909. He entered the UW in September of 1910 where he studied civil engineering and was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. When war broke out Homer enlisted at once and was assigned to the forestry division of the 20th Engineers. He sailed for France on September 20, 1917, and on arrival was sent to Northern France to take charge of a saw mill. Promotions came rapidly and Homer had been commissioned as a First Lieutenant and was soon to be made Captain when he died.

First Lieutenant Leon Herbert Wheeler was returning from a secret three-month mission in France when the transport ship he was traveling on, the SS Missanabie, was struck by a torpedo from German submarine UB-87 on September 9, 1918. En route from Liverpool to New York, the Missanabie was sunk off the coast of Kinsale, Ireland with a loss of forty-five lives, including Leon. A 1914 graduate of the University of Washington with a degree in Mechanical Engineering, Leon was an ordnance expert and had been worked on adapting the Browning machine guns for airplanes. Leon was slated to receive a commission as captain upon his return to New York. Leon is buried at Brookwood American Cemetery outside of London. (bit.ly/uw_wheeler)

The older of two children born to Charles Wheeler and Mary Ella Gerrish, Leon was born in Winona, Minnesota and grew up in Ellensburg, Washington. His undergraduate thesis was “Design and Construction of an Automatic High Speed Steam Engine” and in July of 1917 he applied for a patent for a foot pump, which was granted June 21, 1921. (bit.ly/us1382603) After graduating, he worked in the automobile business with Schlesinger Redburn in Manhattan. He entered the army as a lieutenant shortly after war broke out. Leon is one of three men for whom the Austin-Rees-Wheeler American Legion Post No. 8 in Ellensburg was named.

First Lieutenant Harold Clarence White had just completed a cross-state exhibition flight of Ohio in support of the Fourth Liberty Loan drive when he was struck with influenza. His mother immediately set out for Dayton from Seattle, but Harold died of pneumonia and complications from the flu on October 16, 1918, before she arrived. Harold was stationed at Wilbur Wright Field and had recently graduated from the school of military aeronautics at Berkeley, California. He was looking forward to continuing his service at Wright Field as an instructor and test pilot with the 20th Aero Squadron. He is buried at Seattle’s Lake View Cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_white)

A native of Seattle, Harold was the youngest of three children born to Clarence Little White and his wife, Etta Belle Whitworth. Harold was a 1916 graduate of Broadway High School where he was a standout athlete. At the time of his enlistment Harold was a freshman at the UW studying business administration. A pledge of Phi Gamma Delta, Harold was also yell leader for the class of 1920. Harold waited three weeks after the declaration of war – until his 21st birthday – to enlist. His grandfather, Reverend George Frederick Whitworth twice served as President of the University of Washington – from 1866-1867 and again from 1874-1876 – and founded Whitworth University.

"After serving with the University of Washington Ambulance Corps Section 571, through the perilous days of the big Italian push, without a scratch, Chester William Wilson, '19, was killed in an accident, January 15, 1919." (TYEE, 1919, pg. 39.) Chet, as he was called by his fellow members of the 571st Ambulance Corps, enlisted on May 25, 1917, when the Corps was first organized on the UW campus. The unit went through a long training period at Allentown, Pennsylvania, beginning in June, 1917. The 571st was finally sent overseas for service in Italy in June of 1918.

Described by his unit as one of their most beloved members, Chet died when the ambulance he was riding in rounded a turn too quickly and he was thrown from the vehicle headlong into a tree. He died later that day. His death was even more poignant for his friends because it had been preceded by an act of kindness. Earlier in the trip they had come across a German soldier in need of a lift. Chet gave him his seat in the ambulance and was sitting precariously on his inverted helmet when the accident occurred.

Chet majored in journalism at UW and his writing talent won him an early place on the staff of the Daily. He was a member of Delta Upsilon Fraternity. A native of Kamloops, British Columbia, Chet was the oldest of four children born to John D. Wilson and Jessie Hill. The family later settled in Arlington, Washington. Originally buried near Mondorf, Luxembourg, Chet was reinterred after the war at Arlington’s cemetery. (bit.ly/uw_wilson)

First Lieutenant Lukens Peirce Young, an officer with the 363rd Infantry of the Spruce Production Division, died at Vancouver Barracks on January 25, of pneumonia following influenza. Lukens was one of a handful of expert foresters working in the Division. He was responsible for selecting the trees to be cut. He received his commission in August of 1917 following his completion of Officers Training Camp at the Presidio.

Born in Pennsylvania, Lukens was the son of James Jefferis Young and Laura Peirce. Lukens entered the University of Washington from Colorado College and received a BS in forestry in 1915, followed by a Master of Science in Forestry in 1917. His graduate thesis was entitled "Comparison of different methods of estimating timber." While at the UW, Lukens played class football and was a member of the Rifle and Forestry Clubs. His younger brother, James Arthur Young, followed him to the UW and studied forestry, as well.

His position in Vancouver gave him the opportunity to socialize and he was well known among the young people there and had a host of friends. Lukens was engaged to Isabel Eichner, a fellow UW student, who was wired with the news of his serious illness. Isabel was at his bedside when he passed away. Lukens is buried at the Peirce family plot in Fallowfield Cemetery in Coatesville, Pennsylvania. (bit.ly/uw_young)