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| Title | Maurice Graffell essay on the Pearl Harbor Day Assembly at Washington School, Seattle written for English class at George Washington Junior High School, Seattle, December 8, 1941 |
| Author | Graffell, Maurice |
| Date of Publication | 1941 |
| Notes | Maurice Graffell, a Caucasian student writes an essay for English class at George Washington School taught by Ella Evanson. The Essay topic is about an assembly held on Pearl Harbor Day. Graffell writes of the parable of a German and an Italian man who worked together side by side while their countries were at war, saying "We should now be that way here at Washington School." December 8, 1941. |
| Contextual Notes | Ella Evanson, the daughter of Norwegian immigrants, taught at several schools in Washington before finally settling at George Washington School (a junior high school in Seattle's Central District). She taught seventh and eighth grade there from 1928 until her retirement in 1956. In 1942 George Washington School was considered unique in the Seattle School District. Principal Arthur G. Sears emphasized democratic ideals and stressed tolerance and respect for differences among the approximately one thousand 7th- and 8th-grade students at his school. The students formed a racially diverse group, many of them Japanese American. Also present in this racial mix were students of Chinese-American, Jewish, African-American, and Caucasian families.
On the Monday following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Principal Sears called an assembly. The essays written by the students later that day make it clear that he spoke about tolerance, remaining friendly toward those who are different, and what it means to be an American citizen.
Executive Order 9066, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, was the instrument that allowed military commanders to designate areas "from which any or all persons may be excluded." All persons of Japanese ancestry were forced to move from the West Coast to camps in the interior of the country that were euphemistically called internment camps. Before the evacuation in April, 1942, Ella Evanson asked her pupils to write about their feelings. She preserved these papers over the years, believing they had historic value. The papers in this collection reflect the thoughts of her students during WW II, especially in the aftermath of the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the subsequent order to evacuate Japanese Americans. |
| Subjects (LCTGM) | Student works; Race relations--Washington (State)--Seattle |
| Subjects (LCSH) | Japanese Americans--Washington (State)--Seattle; World War, 1939-1945 |
| Geographic Coverage | United States--Washington (State)--Seattle |
| Digital ID Number | PNW01502 |
| Ordering Information | To order a reproduction or inquire about permissions contact: photos@u.washington.edu. |
| Digital Collection | Pacific Northwest Historical Documents
|
| Repository | University of Washington Libraries. Special Collections |
| Repository Collection | Ella C. Evanson Papers Accession no. 2402-001. Box 1/7 |
| Repository Collection Guide | To view the guide to this collection see:
http://digital.lib.washington.edu/findingaids/permalink/EvansonElla2402/ |
| Object Type | Manuscript
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| Physical Description | 27.5 x 20 cm. |
| Digital Reproduction Information | Scanned from original text or image at 200 dpi saved in TIFF format, resized and enhanced using Adobe Photoshop, and imported as JPEG2000 using Contentdm software's JPEG2000 Extension. 2012. |
| Restrictions | For information on permissions for use and reproductions please visit UW Libraries Special Collections Reproduction & Use page: http://content.lib.washington.edu/sc-use.html |
